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Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919), a famous painter and an essential figure of Impressionism, was born in 1841 in Limoges, Haute-Vienne, France, and later moved to Paris with his family. Known for his oil paintings, he also made sculptures and prints. In his early years, Renoir worked as an apprentice and painted ceramics, fans, and curtains. He studied painting from the academic painter Charles Gabriel Gleyre from 1806 to 1874, was later influenced by Delacroix and Courbet, and had deep research on Rubens and French painting in the 18th century. He combined the traditional painting method with the impressionistic method in his paintings, expressing the trembling and bright atmosphere of sunlight and air with bright and transparent colors, which was unique in style. Renoir is famous for painting figures, especially his depictions of women and girls. His works include The Theater Box, La Grenouillere, Luncheon of The Boating Party, Dance at The Moulin De La Galette, and City Dance.
Life
In 1841, Renoir was
born in the family of a poor tailor in France. In 1850 Renoir was sent to a
porcelain factory to learn the craft, a job that led to his interest in
painting. He formally studied painting in Paris in 1860, during which he met
Claude Monet, Bazille, and Alfred Sisley, and since then, he had embarked on
the road of Impressionism. In 1864, he officially entered the Salon exhibition.
During this period, Renoir's sweet painting style generally emerged, and he
also concentrated on improving the depictions of light and shade on the water.
In 1870, he participated in the Salon des Refusés
and began illustrating and promoting Impressionism. In the same year of the
Franco-Prussian War, he was arrested by the government for mistaking him for a
spy. Unlike Camille Pissarro and Gauguin, Renoir stayed in Paris during this
period and painted many scenes of street life for the record, all of which he
painted on large canvases. His classic, Bal du Moulin de la
Galette (Dance atLe Moulin de la Galette), was painted in
1876. This painting is 1.30 meters high and 1.70 meters wide and is now in the
Musée d'Orsay, France.
Renoir's other
classic, Luncheon of the Boating Party, was painted in 1881.
Nevertheless, after this painting, Renoir gradually gave up focusing on the
presentation of light and shadow and tended to more plain depictions. During
this period, he also traveled to Spain, Italy, and other countries, married,
and had children.
Renoir was already
a successful painter in the 1890s, and he continued to paint amid his family's
happiness, producing many charming, intimate sketches.
Renoir continued to
work diligently in painting in his later years and painted many nude women,
bringing the soft visual touch to life. He finally saw his work hung in the
Louvre in the 1910s. Renoir died in 1919.
Painting style
Renoir is famous
for painting figures, and the most classic are the sweet, relaxed atmosphere
and the plump, bright faces and hands. His paintings are almost always bright,
beautiful, innocent, and full of warmth, without the irony of the real world
that other artists have implied. Renoir believed that painting was not a
scientific analysis of light nor a clever layout arrangement. The painting was
to bring pleasure to the viewer. When Renoir painted, his face immediately
glowed, and he would hum a pleasant song while painting.
Pierre Auguste Renoir was initially closely associated with the Impressionist movement. His early works are typical of Impressionism, documenting real life and full of dazzling brilliance. By the mid-1880s, however, he split from the Impressionist movement and turned to his more rigorous and formal painting techniques in portraiture, especially portraiture of women. Of all the Impressionists, Renoir was perhaps the most popular, as he painted beautiful children, flowers, landscapes, and lovely women. Renoir expressed the pleasure he got from them directly on the canvas. He once said: "Why can't art be beautiful? There is enough ugliness in the world." He was also an admirer of the female figure, saying, "I am only finished with the human portrait when I feel I can touch the person in the painting."
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